MVC
▌目的
l 實作一Website，由Routing rule(路由規則) 判斷目前網頁之語系。
l 顯示之語系規則順序如下：
(1)
Cookie
(2)
URL (Routing rule)
(3)
Browser default localization setting
由Routing rule控制語系的好處在於 … 使用者可任意切換各種語系來做觀看，而不必去更動瀏覽器的設定。
▋延伸閱讀
l Windows 7 Enterprise
l Visual Studio 2013
update 5
l MVC 5
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▋Routing Rule
因為本文章的首要目標是以Routing rule判斷使用者瀏覽的語系，所以第一件事情是更新預設的Routing rule.
routes.MapRoute(
name:
"Default", // Route name
url:
"{lang}/{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with
parameters
defaults:
new { lang = "Default", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, // Parameter
defaults
namespaces
: new[] { "JB.Sample.MultiLangWeb.Website.Controllers" }
);
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▋UI
以下圖之UI 為範例。
l _Layout.cshtml
<div class="navbar-collapse
collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>@Html.ActionLink("首頁", "Index", "Home")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("關於", "About", "Home")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("連絡方式", "Contact", "Home")</li>
@if (ViewBag.Lang == "ZH")
{
<li>
<a href="~/CN" onclick="Redirect('CN')">簡體中文</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="~/EN" onclick="Redirect('EN')">英文</a>
</li>
}
else if (ViewBag.Lang == "EN")
{
<li>
<a href="~/ZH" onclick="Redirect('ZH')">Traditional
Chinese</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="~/CN" onclick="Redirect('CN')">Simplified Chinese</a>
</li>
}
else if (ViewBag.Lang == "CN")
{
<li>
<a href="~/ZH" onclick="Redirect('ZH')">繁体中文</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="~/EN" onclick="Redirect('EN')">英文</a>
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
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當點選語言時，Post back 設定Cookie並做轉址。
所以需要在後端Controller加上一Http Post method 並加上Ajax.
▋Controller : Http Post Method
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessage SetLocaleCookie(string locale)
{
try
{
HttpCookie cultureCookie = Request.Cookies["_culture"];
if (cultureCookie != null)
{
cultureCookie.Value =
locale;
}
else
{
cultureCookie = new HttpCookie("_culture");
cultureCookie.HttpOnly = true;
cultureCookie.Value =
locale;
//cultureCookie.Expires =
DateTime.Now.AddMonths(2);
}
Response.Cookies.Add(cultureCookie);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}
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▋Javascript
function Redirect(locale)
{
var postUrl = "Default/Home/SetLocaleCookie";
$.ajax({
url: postUrl,
type: "POST",
data: JSON.stringify({ locale }),
contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
dataType: "json",
//timeout: 10000,
success: function (data, status) {
},
error: function (jqXHR, textStatus, err) {
}
});
}
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到目前為止，我們已經可以讓使用者自由的設定網站的語系Cookie。
下一步，我們要在網站首頁 (例如本例的本機開發網址 http://localhost:2609/ ) 判斷要導向到哪個語系的網址。
▋Home Controller
由以上程式碼可知道本例支援的語系為：
ü 繁中：http://localhost:2609/ZH
ü 簡中：http://localhost:2609/CN
ü 簡中：http://localhost:2609/EN
判斷邏輯(順序)：
(1)
Cookie
(2)
URL (Routing rule)
(3)
Browser default localization setting
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Index()
{
string lang =
HttpContext.Request.RequestContext.RouteData.Values["lang"].ToString();
ViewBag.Lang = lang;
//判斷是否須轉址 (以使用者的瀏覽器語言設定為主)
if (lang.Equals("Default"))
{
string redirectUri =
getRedirectUri(lang);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(redirectUri))
{
return Redirect(redirectUri);
}
}
return View();
}
private string getRedirectUri(string locale)
{
string redirectUri = string.Empty;
HttpCookie cultureCookie = Request.Cookies["_culture"];
//若已設定Cookie則以Cookie為主
if (cultureCookie != null) //已設定Culture Cookie，則以Cookie為主
{
locale = cultureCookie.Value;
}
//若未設定Cookie且未指定網頁語系，則以瀏覽器預設語系為主
else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(locale) ||
locale.Equals("Default"))
{
//取得用戶端語言喜好設定(已排序的字串陣列)
var userLanguages =
Request.UserLanguages;
if (userLanguages.Length > 0)
{
try
{
string userLang =
userLanguages[0];
switch
(userLang.ToLower())
{
case "en-us":
locale = "EN";
break;
case "zh-cn":
locale = "CN";
break;
case "zh-tw":
default:
locale = "ZH";
break;
}
}
catch (CultureNotFoundException ex)
{
//Do something
}
}
}
else //已指定網頁語系
{
//Do nothing
}
//Redirect
try
{
switch (locale.ToUpper())
{
case "EN":
redirectUri = "/EN";
break;
case "CN":
redirectUri = "/CN";
break;
case "ZH":
default:
redirectUri = "/ZH";
break;
}
return redirectUri;
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
}
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